Zero squared is zero. It is essentially zero times one. Your calculator may give an error message when doing this problem. See the web link for details.
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Zero
Anything to the zero power is one. So the square root is one.
X = any number you like. You see, in order to solve for x, one would have to know what those two things equaled. For instance, what if x = zero? The square root of 2 times zero multiplied by the square root of 50 times zero, is going to be zero.
A chi-square statistic which is near zero suggests that the observations are exceptionally consistent with the hypothesis.
Yes.