Number systems used by ancient civilizations were not necessarily base 10. Roman numerals, for example, are base 5.
Today most of the world uses Arabic numerals, which are base 10, but in the distant past different number systems were as common as different writing systems.
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There are five fingers on an intact, normal, human hand. One hand is therefore equal to five. Two hands equal ten. Why is there any question about how humans came to adopt base ten?
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