no beacause their are all different types of birds and that why it cant make up a population
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If all birds in one area would make a population. Not all birds can live together.
What I believe you are referring to is cluster sampling or cluster. In cluster sampling, the population is divided into clusters and all population members in the cluster are sampled.
In the case of a rectangle, you would maximize the area given the perimeter by making the dimensions equal. In other words, you would make the rectangle into a square. However, to truly maximize the area, you would make the perimeter a perfect circle.
A square 25 x 25 would have an area of 625m2 but a circle with a 100m circumference would have an area of 795.8m2.
Statistics often requires one to make estimates of some measure (variable) about a set of units. The total number of such units is the population size. Note that population, in this context, need not refer to people. If the study is about household expenditure on food (in some area), then the population is all households and the population size is the number of households (in that area). If the study is about diversity of insects in a field, the population may be all 1-metre squares in the field, and the size of the population will be the number of such plots - which will equal the area of the field.