Sampling bias is a known or unknown selection of data to be examined in an audit.
There should be no bias if the sample is random.
Ex ... look at the first item in the file folder. or examine all files for purchases over $10,000, or examine no files for sales less than $500.
Sampling error, is the incorrect selection of files for an audit.
Ex ... a random number generator tells you to audit file 1547, but you select 1457.
Sampling error is also used to describe the fact that auditing a sample will NOT create the exact same answer as auditing every single file or transaction.
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Sampling error leads to random error. Sampling bias leads to systematic error.
Standard error is random error, represented by a standard deviation. Sampling error is systematic error, represented by a bias in the mean.
Sampling error occurs when the sampling protocol does not produce a representative sample. It may be that the sampling technique over represented a certain portion of the population, causing sample bias in the final study population.
The thing that can be done to reduce bias is sampling random things
Sampling bias.