Suppose you conduct an experiment that yields a collection of pairs, (x1, y1), (x2, y2), (x3, y3), ... (xn, yn). In other words, yi is the value of variable y when variable x assumes the value xi.
Let us call the average of the xi values x-bar and the average of the yi values y-bar. Then an x-deviation is xi - x-bar and a y-deviation is yi - y-bar. One product of a pair of these deviations is ( xi - x-bar )( yi - y-bar ).
If you now sum these deviations with the i going from 1 to n you will have the 'sum of the product of the deviations'.
The sum of standard deviations from the mean is the error.
The sum of total deviations about the mean is the total variance. * * * * * No it is not - that is the sum of their SQUARES. The sum of the deviations is always zero.
Zero.
0 (zero).
zero
The sum of standard deviations from the mean is the error.
The sum of total deviations about the mean is the total variance. * * * * * No it is not - that is the sum of their SQUARES. The sum of the deviations is always zero.
Zero.
0 (zero).
multiply the mean by the amount of numbers
zero
Mean
The definition of the mean x of a set of data is the sum of all the values divided by the total number of observations, and this value is in turn subtracted from each x value to calculate the deviations. When the deviations from the average are added up, the sum will always be zero because of the negative signs in the sum of deviations. Going back to the definition of the mean, the equation provided (x = Σxi/n) can be manipulated to read Σxi - x = 0
The sum of deviations from the mean, for any set of numbers, is always zero. For this reason it is quite useless.
variation
You want some measure of how the observations are spread about the mean. If you used the deviations their sum would be zero which would provide no useful information. You could use absolute deviations instead. The sum of squared deviations turns out to have some useful statistical properties including a relatively simple way of calculating it. For example, the Gaussian (or Normal) distribution is completely defined by its mean and variance.
No, a standard deviation or variance does not have a negative sign. The reason for this is that the deviations from the mean are squared in the formula. Deviations are squared to get rid of signs. In Absolute mean deviation, sum of the deviations is taken ignoring the signs, but there is no justification for doing so. (deviations are not squared here)