If a variable is Normally distributed then the z-score describes how far from the mean/median a particular observation is. For example, a z score of 1.96 implies that fewer than 0.025% of the observations will be at least that extreme.
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there are no limits to outliers there are no limits to outliers
When there aren't extreme values (outliers)
interquartile range
No. Outliers are part of the data and do not affect them. They will, however, affect statistics based on the data and inferences based on the data.
The sample range could be used as an index of dispersion. However, there are objections. One is that this statistic is obviously sensitive to outliers. Another is that for many population distributions there are measures with much better characteristics, even ignoring the problem of outliers.