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Simple harmonic motion (SHM( is defined by the second order differential equation:

d2y/dt2 = -ky

where y is a fubction of time, t and is the displacement (relative to the central position), and k is a positive constant.

The equation says is that at any given position of the object undergoing SHM, its acceleration is proportional to its displacement from, and directed towards the central position.

The sine and cosine functions are solutions to the differential equation.

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Q: Why sine and cosine are functions of harmonic motion?
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