Yes.
Yes, they refer to the same thing.
They are the same.
An equality and equation are essentially the same thing. The equality between two expressions is represented by an equation (and conversely).
No a linear equation are not the same as a linear function. The linear function is written as Ax+By=C. The linear equation is f{x}=m+b.
Although there are similarities, the solutions to a linear equation comprise all points on one line: a one-dimensional object. The solutions to a linear inequality comprise all points on one side [or the other] of a line: a two-dimensional object.
No a linear equation are not the same as a linear function. The linear function is written as Ax+By=C. The linear equation is f{x}=m+b.
They are not. An inequality cannot, by definition, be the same as an equation.
No. A function need not be linear. For example, y = sin(x) is a function of x but it is not a linear equation.
Because the question is tautological. You are asking how something is the same as that very samne thing!
The equations are equivalent.
Single answer. Coincidental (same equation), No solution.