1.) Mesh topology:- Routing protocol such as RIP(routing information protocol) or OSPF (open shortest path protocol) is used.
2.) Star topology:- Ethernet, token ring, Local Talk, ATM........... all are used...
3.)Bus topology:- Ethernet protocol using CS-MA/CD as access method.....
Star Topology
Bus topology
The topology that is chosen depends on a number of factors, including:cost/budgetlength of the networkscalability and future expansion plansInfrastructure and current cabling requirementsProtocols used
Network topology is the physical design of a LAN which resolves the conflict that occurs between computers on the network attempting to transmit at the same time. Whereas protocols are the standards used by networks to permit communication between network-connected devices. -s74
Any topology can be used for a peer-to-peer network. The easiest is probably a star topology but it doesn't have to be.
Star Topology.
network topology
In a bus topology, data transmission typically uses protocols such as Ethernet, specifically the Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) protocol. This protocol allows devices to detect when the bus is free and transmit data while monitoring for collisions. If a collision occurs, devices stop transmitting and wait for a random time before attempting to resend. Other protocols, like Token Ring, can also be adapted for bus topologies, but CSMA/CD is the most common.
The most common LAN topology is that of a "star." In a star topology, each computer, or "node", is connected to a central hub. This is more reliable than a more classical "ring" topology, because a node failing will not bring down the entire network. A bus topology is arguably more reliable, but has poorer performance.
hybrid topology
Well, yes. Please correct your question, thanks!
It's used for Star topology.