AWG # 6 copper
A #6 copper wire with an insulation factor of 75 or 90 degree C is rated at 65 amps.
Yes, a #10 wire will carry 30 amps for 30 feet. If the load is rated as continuous then the wire will have to be derated to 80% capacity which will leave you with 24 workable amps. If the load demands currents higher that 24 amps then you will have to go to the next wire size up which is a #8 which is rated at 45 amps.
A # 14 copper conductor will be fine to carry 8 amps at 120 volts. This size conductor is rated at 15 amps.
14
10 amps is the maximum it will carry.
18 amps.
10 guage
30 amps is how much a 10-2 wire will carry at 110 feet. 10 gauge wire is only good for thirty amps per the national electrical code. Using 80% of the breakers usage you will actually be getting only 24 amps.
Couple of things wrong here. 30 isn't a wire size. If you mean a wire that can carry 30 amps that would be # 10. Now it depends on how many # 10 wires you want to put into a conduit that governs the size of the conduit.
Need to know the wire size.
A 1.5 mm wire is rated at 13 amps at 120 volts.
You will need a 40 amp breaker using AWG # 8 wire running it a distance of no more than 50 feet.