Can be rational or irrational.
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Yes
Such a sum is always rational.
No. Two irrational numbers can be added to be rational. For example, 1/3 + 2/3 = 3/3. 1/3 and 2/3 are both irrational, but 3/3 = 1, which is rational.
There are no such numbers. The only two numbers that sum to 12 and whose product is -84 are irrational, and so cannot be considered as factors of 84.
Sure. For example, the sum of:root(2) and: - root(2) is zero, which is rational.