Call the relation R. Also, x R y means (x, y) is in R. (For an idea of how that works, in the set called <, the first element of each ordered pair is always smaller than the second.) Now, a relation is reflexive if, for all x in the domain of R, x R x. That is, (x, x) is in R. A few examples are =, ≤, | (or, "is divisible by"), and the ever familiar, "plus some integer equals."
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Some relations are, some are not.
No, equality of numbers has a reflexive property. Perpendicularity of lines has a symmetric property.
A statement that undergoes the reflexive property is a statement that is turned backwards. Ex. Original- If an animal is a frog, it is an amphibian. Reflexive- If an animal is an amphibian, it is a frog.
A relation is an expression that is not a function. A function is defined as only having one domain per range, meaning that when graphed, a function will have no two points on the same vertical line. If your expression is graphed and two points do appear on the same vertical line, it is a relation, not a function.
(1) transitive, (2) reflexive