I'm really having a hard time seeing the base blocks from here,
so I'm afraid I can't answer your question.
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In expanded notation you would write the number 42,166,037 as: 40,000,000 + 2,000,000 + 100,000 + 60,000 + 6,000 + 30 + 7.
The binary number 11111111 represents the number 255 in base 10.
It is only true in the sense that any numeric base, expressed in that base, is represented with the symbol "10". Confusing? Let's clarify that. Hexadecimal numbers use sixteen as the base. But how do you express the value sixteen in hexadecimal? Quite easy, it would be written as "10". The same is true in any other base. For example, in binary (base two), the value two is expressed as "10". In octal (base eight), the value eight is expressed as "10". In decimal (our familiar base ten), the value ten is expressed as "10". No matter what base you work in, the base itself will always be expressed as "10". That however is not the same thing as saying that hexadecimal numbers are based on the number ten. That is incorrect. Hexadecimal numbers use the base sixteen.
To find a number that is ten times smaller than 29, you would divide 29 by 10. This calculation results in 2.9. Therefore, 2.9 is the number that is ten times smaller than 29.
3. Its the 11th number from the right.