A variable.
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Different fractions are equal to different values.
The gradient of a quantity is the greatest rate at which it changes as you move in different directions from where you are now. If the quantity has a negative gradient, that means that the quantity decreases in that direction. A great example of a negative gradient is the elevation of the land at a point on a road that has a hill on one side and a cliff on the other side. The greatest rate at which the elevation changes is in the direction off the edge of the cliff, and it's negative in that direction.
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Acceleration
They comprise a set of values for some variable x.