Bus
bus topology
Such topology is called star.
Star Topology WAN
A star topology; a network topology in which endpoints on a network are connected to a common central device by point-to-point links.
star topology
It is called a Star topology
point-to-point
A star topology is a type of mathematical topology. Mathematical topology is essentially geometry without concern for distance. It asks questions such as for a given shape, (in the abstract sense) "what connects to what," "is it possible to reach point x from point y without passing through point z," and "are these two points connected at all?" A star topology is a type of topology where all the points (for example, computers in a computer network) are connected to a central point, but not directly to each other. Go to the following address to see several types of network topologies, including a star topology. http://scilnet.fortlewis.edu/tech/Network/Topologies.htm
Star
Star Topology
In a star topology only the failed system would have a problem, unless the device was the network connectivity device (on a LAN).In a WAN, if the building was connected through the central building and the central building had a problem then all buildings would be affected. If it isn't the central connection point then only the building with the problem would be affected.
This question is phrased badly, as all networks have a particular type of topology. Briefly, these resolve to 'cloud' (many to many), 'star' (many to a central point) and ring (each node connects to two others, which results in a complete ring). See topic 'Network topology'. The issues to be dealt with are latency, connectivity and fault tolerance.