Linear Editing involves old style Tape to Tape video editing systems where you essentially had to edit your program in order.
Non Linear Editing systems are the norm today, using computers to lay out a timeline where you can insert video clips, or sections of clips as needed. The overall length of the final program will adjust itself accordingly.
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Magnetic Tape is linear and digital is computer. More specifically, linear requires several electronic components like tape machines connected into a switcher console with one output to another tape machine you edit onto. Each and every machine connected into the switcher must be electronically timed so that they match. When editing, everything is done in real time, and whatever is edited on the final master is there forever. You can't change it. Sounds complicated? It sure is.
Nonlinear tosses all that aside because all the components are now digital files, and can be mixed in the computer at will. Other than digitizing those files, there is nothing else that has to be connected to the computer in order to edit.
That's a layman's explanation of what I think you're trying to ask. I .