25% or 1/4, this is because it is a quadrant. Meaning a "quad" as in 4 therefore one quadrant is 1/4.
A: Since it can be considered a full circle then then there will be 4 quadrant for 360 degrees
The 4 Quadrants are;1 FORWARD DRIVE2 REVERSE BRAKING3 FORWARD BRAKING4 REVERSE DRIVE
It depends on the surround material, temperature, type of cable, and what you mean by "maximum current rating". Typically a maximum load current rating will be specified, such as 15A; this means you can push 15A through that cable nonstop without damaging it (it won't overheat). You might have a short time rating as well, such as a 4 hour rating, where the cable can handle runing 22A for 4 hours if the surrounding temperature is kept to some value, though this may slightly degrade the insulation. There's also a fusing current rating for many cables. At this current, the cable will eventually melt (like a fuse).
It is the discharge rate of the battery rated in ampere hours. Yours could be any combination from 10 amps for 1 hour up to 1 amp for 10 hours. eg. 5 amps for 2 hours, 2.5 amps for 4 hours.