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Well, it just so happens that I figured this out for whoever was wondering...

When n is even, and n+1 is odd (obviously)

Sn+1 = Sn + (n+2)(3n+2)/4

When n is odd, and n+1 is even (obviously)

Sn+1 = Sn + (n+1)(3n+5)/4

These formulas are for the total triangles in something that looks like this...

/\

/_\

/\ /\

/_\ /_\

/\ /\ /\

/_\ /_\ /_\

This triangle has n=3 and has 13 total triangles.

The general formula for total triangles is hard to find. And because this question doesn't ask for the general solution for any n, I won't post it. It is really fun to find though...

The solution is shown below...

Total Number of triangles = (n*n) + ( (n) * (n-1) * (4n+1) / 2 ) where n = (k+1) /2. K is the number of triangles on the each side.

In the above example k is 3.

k = 1 -> Total Triangles = 1

k = 2 -> Total Triangles = 4.875 ~ 5

k = 3 -> Total Triangles = 13

k = 4 -> Total Triangles = 26.875 ~ 27

k = 5 -> Total Triangles = 48

k = 6 -> Total Triangles = 77.875 ~ 78

and so on....

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