These are transformations that do not change the shape or size, only its location (translation) or orientation (rotation).
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Reflecting
A congruence transformation of a shape is one that does not alter the size (area) or the relative lengths and positions of the lines.Translations, rotations and reflections are all example of simple transformations which are congruent.
Reflections are congruence transformations where the figure is reflected over the x-axis, y-axis, or over a line.
HL congruence theorem
Congruence is basically the same as equality, just in a different form. Reflexive Property of Congruence: AB =~ AB Symmetric Property of Congruence: angle P =~ angle Q, then angle Q =~ angle P Transitive Property of Congruence: If A =~ B and B =~ C, then A =~ C