Yes. Draw a triangle, then draw line through the top vertex that's parallel to the base. Now draw another point anywhere on that line, and draw sides that meet the edges of the base and the new point you've drawn. No matter where that point is on your line, you haven't changed the height, and you haven't changed the base, but the angles of the triangle have changed. Therefore, the two aren't congruent.
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False. The equation for area of a triangle is 1/2 base x height. The height and the base would have to be the same for two triangles to have the same area.
The altitude is the same as the height (h), which is parallel to the base (b).
Not necessarily. You find the area of a triangle with the formula 1/2*base*height=Area. Imagine two triangles, one with 3 inches for both the base and height, and one with 4.5 inches for the height and 2 inches for the base. Both of these triangles will have 9 sq. in. for their areas, but they are not congruent.
The same
Yes - for calculating the area of any triangle - you either halve the base and multiply by the height - or - as you said half the height times the base. either way will work.