The period of a pendulum is (sort of) independent of the amplitude. This is technically true for very small, "infinitesimal" swings. In this range, amplitude does not affect period. For larger swings, however, a circular error is introduced, but it is possible to compensate with various designs. See the Related Link below for further information.
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It messes up the math. For large amplitude swings, the simple relation that the period of a pendulum is directly proportional to the square root of the length of the pendulum (only, assuming constant gravity) no longer holds. Specifically, the period increases with increasing amplitude.
Height does not affect the period of a pendulum.
it doesn't
Actually, the period of a pendulum does depend slightly on the amplitude. But at low amplitudes, it almost doesn't depend on the amplitude at all. This is related to the fact that in such a case, the restoring force - the force that pulls the pendulum back to its center position - is proportional to the displacement. That is, if the pendulum moves away further, the restoring force will also be greater.
For very little swings, no, the period is unrelated to the amplitude. For larger swings, however, the period increases slightly due to circular error.