Many ideas of mathematics began to form. During this time frame people began to see math as important and so many thinkers spent time trying to solve the worlds problems using math.
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That's over two thousand years of wholesale changes in an enormous field. An excellent topic for a research paper, but beyond the scope of our humble enterprise.
L. Euler stands alone as one of the greatest mathematicians ever, as well as one of the greatest mathematical teachers ever. However, no single person, not even Euler, can be said to have "invented" mathematics, because it predates written history. Euler did contribute quite a bit though; especially in regards to the standardization of notation, the use of infinite series, functional analysis, and infinitesimal calculus.
Leonhard Euler is the king of mathematics, even he was blind !Euler introduced much of the mathematical notation in use today, such as the notation f(x) to describe a function and the modern notation for the trigonometric functions. He was the first to use the letter e for the base of the natural logarithm, now also known as Euler's number. The use of the Greek letter π to denote the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter was also popularized by Euler (although it did not originate with him).[1] He is also credited for inventing the notation i to denote .[2]I salute him.
That's over two thousand years of wholesale changes in an enormous field. An excellent topic for a research paper, but beyond the scope of our humble enterprise.
Judgment call. 'Best' in what way? I like Leonhard Euler (1707-1783) but there are many other candidates.