42 x 8 = (40 x 8) + (2 x 8)
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Apart from using a calculator, specifically if you multiply a whole number by a power of 10:* To multiply a whole number by 10, add a zero to the whole number. * To multiply a whole number by 100, add two zeros to the whole number. * Etc.
You multiply the whole number as many times as the exponent is.
Multiply by 7 means times a number by 7.
Multiply the number by a fraction
You end up with a number that is 1000 times as large.