topography
Yes, Makkah City i.e. more specifically speaking The Kaabah is the exact centre of the earth. This has been proved scientifically recently. But in Qur'an, which came 1400 years ago, it has been said by Allah that initially on earth there was no land but Kaabah and Allah stretched the land of Kaabah into this whole Earth like one stretches the chappati into a round shape.
Plate tectonics
Its about like a square but has a point on the top
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erosion
The two types of forces that shape the Earth's surface are constructive forces, such as volcanic activity and tectonic plate movements that build up the land, and destructive forces, such as erosion and weathering that wear down the land.
Geologic forces are natural processes that shape the Earth's surface over long periods of time. These forces include tectonic plate movements, volcanic activity, erosion, and sedimentation. They are responsible for creating landscapes, mountains, valleys, and other features on Earth.
Natural forces that affect the land include erosion (caused by water, wind, or ice), weathering (breaking down of rock due to exposure to elements), and tectonic activity (such as earthquakes, volcanoes, and mountain building). These forces shape the Earth's surface over time.
The main forces that shape the land are weathering, erosion, tectonic activity, and volcanic activity. Weathering breaks down rocks into smaller particles, erosion transports these particles, tectonic activity causes movements in the Earth's crust that form mountains and valleys, and volcanic activity creates new landforms through the eruption of magma.
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Forces such as erosion, weathering, and tectonic movement can cause changes in the shape of the land. Erosion by water, wind, or ice can wear down the land surface, while weathering breaks down rocks. Tectonic forces, like plate movement, can lead to the creation of mountains, valleys, and other land formations.
Geography
earth has a spherical shape a vast land...moon which has craters..
Topography
The primary forces shaping Earth's surface are weathering, erosion, and tectonic activity. Weathering breaks down rocks into smaller pieces, erosion transports these fragments to different locations, and tectonic activity, such as plate movements and volcanic activity, reshapes the land through processes like mountain building and earthquakes. These forces work together to continuously shape and change Earth's surface over time.
Mountains differ in height and shape due to the tectonic forces acting on the Earth's crust, which can uplift and deform the land. Factors such as the type of rock, erosion patterns, and geologic processes also contribute to the variety of mountain heights and shapes we see. Over time, these forces and processes shape the landscape into the diverse mountain ranges we observe today.