There are a number of different ways, depending on (a) the circumstances and (b) your mathematical sophistication.
The answer for a school student is likely to be based on a right angled triangle. At that level of knowledge, the sine of one of the acute angles is defined as the ratio of the opposite side to the hypotenuse.
On the other hand, the answer from a pure mathematician may well be
sin(x) = x - x3/3! + x5/5! - x7/7! + ... where x is the angle measured in radians.
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sine and cosine
Divide -900 by 360, and the remainder will be the angle you need to find the sine of: -900 / 360 = -2.5 --> -900 = 360*(-2 - 0.5), so sine(-180°) = sine(-900°). sine(-180°) = 0
Sine ratio = opposite/hypotenuse
The maximum of the sine and cosine functions is +1, and the minimum is -1.
sine[theta]=opposite/hypotenuse=square root of (1-[cos[theta]]^2)