Every positive number has two square roots, though the roots are not always whole numbers (or even rational numbers). The more obvious of each numbers roots is the positive one.
The positive square root of 4 is 2, because 2*2=4.
The positive square root of 5 is roughly 2.236068.
The other square root of a number is the negative inverse of their positive root. This is because when two negative numbers are multiplied together the negative signs "cancel out", leaving a positive number.
The negative square root of 4 is -2, because -2*-2=4.
The negative square root of 5 is roughly -2.236068.
Zero has only one square root, itself, and no negative number has any (real number) square roots, since no number multiplied by itself will result in a negative.
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2, a positive and a negative eg 9 = 3 x 3 and -3 x -3
There are 3 cube roots of 27. There are 2 square roots of 27 ( or any real number ). There are 4 fourth roots of 27 and so on:)
Assuming that you mean the nth. root: two - a negative and a positive root.
In general, the answer is 4, but only 2 of them are real. For example, the 4th roots of 16 are 2, -2, 2i, and -2i.
There is no special symbol for an irrational number. However, it is known that many square roots, cubic roots, etc., as well as some special numbers such as pi and e, are irrational.