Given one vector a, any vector that satisfies a.b=0 is orthogonal to it. That is a set of vectors defining a plane orthogonal to the original vector.
The set of vectors defines a plane to which the original vector a is the 'normal'.
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In a plane, each vector has only one orthogonal vector (well, two, if you count the negative of one of them). Are you sure you don't mean the normal vector which is orthogonal but outside the plane (in fact, orthogonal to the plane itself)?
The zero vector is not perpendicular to all vectors, but it is orthogonal to all vectors.
The direction of a vector is defined in terms of its components along a set of orthogonal vectors (the coordinate axes).
There is no maximum. A vector can be defined for a hyperspace with any number of dimensions. Such a hyperspace can be described using an orthogonal system of axes and the vector can be split into its components along each one of these axes.
A vector comprises its components, which are orthogonal. If just one of them has magnitude and direction, then the resultant vector has magnitude and direction. Example:- If A is a vector and Ax is zero and Ay is non-zero then, A=Ax+Ay A=0+Ay A=Ay