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To me, the theoretical probability is what is termed the classical probability. This says the probability is the number of ways an event can occur divided by the number of possible events. Forexample, flip a coin. The theoretical probability for heads is 1/2. However, flip a coin 10 times and you will probably not get 5/10 (or 1/2). Doing the actual experiment to determine the probability is called relative frequency approximation.
Joint probability is the probability that two or more specific outcomes will occur in an event. An example of joint probability would be rolling a 2 and a 5 using two different dice.
The probability of rolling a sum of 8 is approx a 14% chance. There are 36 possibilities when rolling 2 die. There are 5 possibilities of rolling a sum of 8. → Probability = 5/36 = 5/36 x 100% ≈ 14%.
The theoretical probability of an event is the probability that is calculated on theoretical considerations. This normally entails modelling the experiment and then employing the laws of science to determine the event space and the probabilities of the outcomes. For example, suppose you wish to determine the theoretical probability of getting the number 5 when you roll a normal die. There are 6 possible outcomes. If the die is fair then each of these outcomes is equally likely. Therefore the probability of any particular number - for example, 5 - is 1/6.
5 over 11