minimum
maximum
upper quartile
lower quartile
median
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There are 5 (not 4) parts of an elementary box and whiskers plot. From left to right, they are: minimum, lower quartile, median, upper quartile, and maximum. A more advanced version of plot is used for data containing outliers. In such cases the whiskers extend to the minimum or maximum EXCLUDING the outlier(s) and the outliers themselves are marked with Xs - beyond the scope of the whiskers.
The box and whiskers plot is a means to illustrate data. This is a chart where the horizontal axis represents the possible values that a variable can take. The vertical axis is irrelevant. 5 key statistics are extracted from the data set: the minimum value, the lower quartile, the median, the upper quartile and the maximum value. The plot consists of a box or rectangle whose left side is the lower quartile and whose right is the upper quartile. The height of the rectangle is an arbitrary value. The median appears as a vertical line in this rectangle. From the middle of the left side, a horizontal line stretches out to the minimum value. Similarly, a line to the maximum value goes from the right end of the rectangle. These are the whiskers. That is the basic box and whiskers plot. One refinement is to exclude outliers, determine the whisker-ends without them and then mark them separately as "X" along where the whiskers would have extended to.
It is a graphical representation of the distribution of a variable. It if often used to represent a "5 number summary" in statistics. The 5 numbers are the minimum and maximum values of a set as well as Q1, Q2 and Q3 which are the first, second, and third quartiles. The box is made up of the quartiles, with the smaller and larger ones at either end and Q2 in between. The whiskers are the max and the min.
5 parts-- pentagon 6 parts-- hexagon
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