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Does the size of a sample affect the values of the frequency table?
Yes. If the sample is a random drawing from the population, then as the size increases, the relative frequency of each interval from the sample should be a better estimate of the relative frequency in the population. Now, in practical terms, increasing a small sample will have a larger effect than increasing a large sample. For example, increasing a sample from 10 to 100 will have a larger effect than increasing a sample from 1000 to 10,000. The one exception to this, that I can think of, is if the focus of the study is on a very rare occurrence.
How does Increasing the sample size while keeping the same confidence level has what effect on the margin of error?
The margin of error is reduced.
Can increasing sample size reduce random error?
Random error and sample size have an inverse relationship...As sample size INCREASES random error DECREASES. There's a good explanation at the related link.
What is the defining characteristic of a random sample?
Each member of the population has the same probability of being in the sample as any other. Equivalently, any set of members of the given sample size has the same probability of being selected as any other set.
What is the random sampling method?
Random sampling is a method of selecting a sample where each member of the population has the same probability of being included in the sample. An equivalent statement is that each subset of the population, of the given size, has the same probability of being selected as any other subset of that size.
