AAS stands for Angle Angle and Side
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Yes, they are.
Yes, it works for all triangles as long as the two angles and the side are identified with corresponding ones in each triangle.
SSS, SAS, ASA, AAS, RHS. SSA can prove congruence if the angle in question is obtuse (if it's 90 degrees, then it's exactly equivalent to RHS).
It means "angle angle side". It usually refers to a triangle. You are given two angles and a side and must use that information to figure out the values of the other angle, and the other two sides.
1. The side angle side theorem, when used for right triangles is often called the leg leg theorem. it says if two legs of a right triangle are congruent to two legs of another right triangle, then the triangles are congruent. Now if you want to think of it as SAS, just remember both angles are right angles so you need only look at the legs.2. The next is the The Leg-Acute Angle Theorem which states if a leg and an acute angle of one right triangle are congruent to the corresponding parts of another right triangle, the two right triangles are congruent. This is the same as angle side angle for a general triangle. Just use the right angle as one of the angles, the leg and then the acute angle.3. The Hypotenuse-Acute Angle Theorem is the third way to prove 2 right triangles are congruent. This one is equivalent to AAS or angle angle side. This theorem says if the hypotenuse and an acute angle of a right triangle are congruent to the hypotenuse and an acute angle of another right triangle, the two triangles are congruent. This is the same as AAS again since you can use the right angle as the second angle in AAS.4. Last, but not least is Hypotenuse-Leg Postulate. Since it is NOT based on any other rules, this is a postulate and not a theorem. HL says if the hypotenuse and a leg of one right triangle are congruent to the hypotenuse and a leg of another right triangle, then the triangles are congruent.