What is a mode of action by cefixime trihydrate?

Answer 1

Cefixime (under the brand name of Suprax in USA, ROXIM in Bangladesh by Eskayef Bangladesh Limited,3-Cin Bangladesh by Edruc Limited ) is an oral third generation cephalosporin antibiotic. Cefixime is a cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat infections caused by bacteria. These include infections of the: Ear (otitis media caused by Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis,and S. pyogenes.) Nose, sinuses (sinusitis), Throat (tonsillitis, pharyngitis caused by S. pyogenes ), Chest and lungs (bronchitis, pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae) and Urinary system and Uncomplicated gonorrhea caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

The bactericidal action of cephalosporin due to the inhibition of cell wall synthesis. It binds to one of the penicillin binding proteins (PBPs) which inhibits the final transpeptidation step of the peptidoglycan synthesis in the bacterial cell wall, thus inhibiting biosynthesis and arresting cell wall assembly resulting in bacterial cell death.

Absorption Only 40-50% is absorbed from the GI tract (oral); rate may be decreased if taken with food. Greater absorption from oral suspensions than tablet.

Distribution It has high concentrations in bile and urine. It can cross the placenta ad its protein binding capacity is 65%.

It is always better to perform appropriate cultures and susceptibility studies to determine the causative organism and its sensitivity to cefixime.

Cefixime is contraindicated in patients with known sensitivity or Allergies to cephalosporin class of antibiotics.

Adverse Drug Reactions include diarrhea, dyspepsia, nausea, vomiting. Hypersensitivity reactions like skin rashes, urticaria, Stevens-Johnson syndrome have been reported. There is no specific antidote for cefixime overdosage. Gastric lavage may performed. Dialysis will not remove cefixime in significant quantities.

It was sold under the trade name Suprax in the USA until 2003 when it was taken off the market by drug manufacturer Wyeth after its patent expired. The oral suspension form of "Suprax" was re-launched by Lupin in the USA. In Bangladesh it is sold as Roxim by Eskayef Bangladesh Limited.3-C is a brand product of a pioneer pharmaceutical company named Edruc Limited.

Cefixime API is manufactured by many pharmaceutical companies all over the world. The major manufacturers are based in India.