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A vector is a part of a more general number or quantity, called a Matrix or Quaternion.

Vectors were developed by William Rowan Hamilton as part of a Quaternion. The Quaternion consists of a scalar part 1 and three vectors I ,J and K.. The scalar is a real number and InJ and K are vector numbers, where I^2 = J^2 = K^2 = -1.. Vectors denote directions such as an axis in space, Ix + Jy + Kz.

Quaternions Q = s + V = Q(cos(Q) + Vsin(Q)) = [cos(Q), sin(Q)(I + J + K)] .

The Quaternion is vector if the angle is an even multiple 90 degrees and the Quaternion is a vector when the angle is a odd multiple of 90 degrees.. If the angle is not a multiple of 90 degrees, the Quaternion is part scalar and part vector. Most variables in physics are Quaternions.

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A 'vector' quantity is a quantity that has both a size and a direction.

Examples are: force, velocity, acceleration, and electric field.

A 'scalar' quantity is a quantity that has size but no direction.

Examples are: cost, temperature, speed, and volume.

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