Assume we want to determine the probability of rolling a 2 or smaller of a fair die (If it isn't, then some probabilities of getting a certain number must be different from the usual).
List the possibilities for such event. We have:
P(2 or smaller) = P(2) + P(1)
The probability of obtain a number on a die is 1/6. Therefore, the probability of obtaining a 2 or smaller on a fair die is 1/6 + 1/6 = 2/6 = 1/3.
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The probability of rolling a 2 is 1 in 6. The probability of rolling an even number is 3 in 6. The probability of doing both, on two rolls, is 3 in 36, or 1 in 12.
The probability of getting tails on a coin is SMALLER than rolling a number greater than 2
The probability of rolling a sum of 2 is 1/36 The probability of rolling the value 2 on one die or the other (or both) is 11/36
Probability of rolling a 3 is 2/36 & the probability of rolling a 6 is 5/36; probability of rolling a 3 or 5 is 2/36 + 5/36 = 7/36.
The probability of 3 specific dice rolls is the probability that each one will happen multiplied together. For instance, the probability of rolling 2 then 6 then 4 is the probability of all of these multiplied together: The probability of rolling 2 is 1/6. The probability of rolling 6 is 1/6. The probability of rolling 4 is 1/6. Multiply these together and we get the total probability as 1/216