A frustum of a cone is that part of the surface of a cone between two planes perpendicular to the axis of the cone; if a cone has base radii r1 and r2 and slant height h, then its area, A is given by
A = 2*pi*h*(r1+r2)/2
cited from Varberg and Purcell's Calculus textbook, 9ed.; p299.
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Volume = cross sectional area * lengthArea = 2* cross sectional area + perimeter of cross section * length
If the diameter doubles (x2), the cross-sectional area quadruples (x4).
Other things being equal, more cross-sectional area will cause less resistance.
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Because the volume of the cylinder is proportional to the cross sectional area of the cylinder. The cross sectional area is a circle and the area of a circle is pi*r2.