According to the Central Limit Theorem, if you take measurements for some variable from repeated samples from any population, the mean values have a probability distribution which is known as the Gaussian distribution. Because of the fact that it is found often it is also called the Normal distribution. It is a symmetric distribution which is fully determined by two parameters: the mean and variance (or standard deviation). It is also sometimes referred to as the bell curve although I have yet to see a bell that stretches out at its bottom towards infinity!
The normal distribution can be used for the heights or masses of people, for examination scores.
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No, the normal curve is not the meaning of the Normal distribution: it is one way of representing it.
normal_distribution
There is no particular meaning associated with theta - it will depend on the context.
IQ is normally distributed in the general population. Age is not.
No, the normal distribution is strictly unimodal.