It is the population which you are studying.
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The latest statistics of the rhino population
A representative sample is one where the statistics of the sample are the same as the statistics for the parent population.
Information obtained from the sample can be extrapolated to the whole population using statistics.
population -group statistically sampled.
Statistics is a general field of numeric quantities and what they represent. For example, a statistic may be inferential or descriptive. Inferential statistics are special kinds of statistics that use sampling distributions to make inferences from a sample to a population of interest (hopefully that the sample represents). The inferences are more or less valid based on how well one meets the assumptions of a statistical method/model and how robust a statistical method is with respect to violations of an assumption.