The probability that the second coin matches the first is 0.5 .
The probability that the third coin matches the first is 0.5 .
The probability that the second and third coins both match the first is (0.5 x 0.5) = 0.25 = 25%
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The probability of 2 coins both landing on heads or both landing on tails is 1/2 because there are 4 possible outcomes. Head, head. Head, tails. Tails, tails. Tails, heads. Tails, heads is different from heads, tails for reasons I am unsure of.
If this is a homework assignment, please consider trying to answer it yourself first, otherwise the value of the reinforcement of the lesson offered by the assignment will be lost on you.If a number cube (die) contains the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, and the cube is fair, then the probability of rolling a 6 is 1 in 6. If you roll the cube 10 times, you would expect to get 6's 10 / 6, or about 2 times. However, 10 trials is not a lot of trials, so the experimental outcome might not match the theoretical probability. In this case, the experimental probability matched the theoretical probability, but that is simply chance. If you repeat the experiment, so you will probably not get the same results.
The probability that you will roll doubles on a pair of dice is 1 in 6. The probability that you roll "something" on the first die is 1 in 1. The probability that the second die will match the first die is 1 in 6. The resultant probability is simply the product of (1 in 1) and (1 in 6).
Out of the six faces, only 3 and 5 match the requirements, so the probability is 2/6 or 1/3.
It is often a "goodness of fit" test. This is a test of how well the observations match the frequencies that would have been expected on theoretical basis. The theoretical basis may simply be your hypothesis.