The type of response given by Laplace transform analysis is the frequency response.
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Gain is also taken as Laplace transform of output to Laplace transform of Input . for example voltage gain calculation , it is not necessary to make the energy will be zero in L and C ( if present in the given circuit). But in case of Transfer function to avoid the system dynamics , we have to make the inductor and capacitor energy will be zero as initial condition = 0
Fourier series is the sum of sinusoids representing the given function which has to be analysed whereas discrete fourier transform is a function which we get when summation is done.
There are many. A 100% stacked bar is one example.
Reflex - is an automatic response that happens at the subconscious level Instinct - is a type of behaviour that is reflexive in nature, relying on un-learnt responses to given stimuli
Answers.com says it is: A statistical range with a specified probability that a given parameter lies within the range. I think that means, just how confident you are that your statistical analysis is correct.