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The answer depends on what relationship - if any - exists between the points in the table. There need not be any relationship.
The y-intercept is the value of the function (if it exists) when x = 0.
Yes, but not at the level of mathematics you are at. In elementary statistics, the line of best fit (if it exists) is always a straight line representing a linear relationship between two variables. The equation of the line is most often calculated using the least squares method. [This minimises the sum of the squares of the vertical differences between the values "predicted" by the line and those actually recorded. The process always leads to a straight line. However, in more advanced statistics, you will learn about transformations. If the relationship between two variables, X and Y, is an inverse relationship, then the relationship between 1/X and Y is linear and you can fit a linear best fit line to the data set given by 1/X and Y. This can then be used to calculate the best fit inverse curve.
In the case of an instance variable, there is one copy for every instance (object). If you create 10 objects based on a class, there will be 10 copies of the variable. A class variable exists only once for the entire class - no matter how many objects you create - or even if you create no objects based on the class. In Java, such variables (class variables) are declared with the statickeyword.
Enzymes catalyze biochemical reaction in organisms by lowering the activation energy to begin a reaction, which, of course, requires some energy input.