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Additive Inverses is the proper term but the term zero pairs is also used.
Two integers which sum to zero (e.g. 3 and -3) are additive inverses of each other. All pairs of additive inverses sum to 0 and all pairs of integers which sum to 0 are additive inverses.
Their quotient is positive if the integers have the same sign;negative if the integers have different signs;zero if the dividend is zero (and the divisor is not).
The set of integers is divided into three subsets. One is the positive integers. Another is the negative integers. The last subset has one element -- zero. In sum, integers are composed of the positive integers, the negative integers, and zero.
Any non-zero whole number can be evenly divided into itself. If n is a whole number, n/n = 1. In fact, 0 is the only number, whole or not, for which this is not true. Additionally, 'whole number' is a vague term. It can refer to non-zero positive integers, positive integers including zero, or all integers depending entirely on the meaning of the person using the term.