a. The correlation between X and Y is spurious
b. X is the cause of Y
c. Y is the cause of X
d. A third variable is the cause of the correlation between X
and Y
+1.00
If anxiety and depression are correlated, there are three possible directions of causality. These are anxiety causes depression, depression causes anxiety, and there is an environmental stimuli that causes both anxiety and depression.
No. It may appear to cause the change because the changes are correlated. However, it is quite possible that changes in both variables are caused by some third, possibly unknown, variable.No. It may appear to cause the change because the changes are correlated. However, it is quite possible that changes in both variables are caused by some third, possibly unknown, variable.No. It may appear to cause the change because the changes are correlated. However, it is quite possible that changes in both variables are caused by some third, possibly unknown, variable.No. It may appear to cause the change because the changes are correlated. However, it is quite possible that changes in both variables are caused by some third, possibly unknown, variable.
Scatter plots are used to investigate a possible correlation between two variables that are associated with the same “event.”
No, it is not possible to make accurate predictions based on a scatter plot with no correlation. A scatter plot with no correlation means that the data points are randomly scattered and do not follow any specific pattern or trend. Without a correlation, it is difficult to establish a relationship between the variables and make reliable predictions.
Either +1 (strongest possible positive correlation between the variables) or -1 (strongest possible negativecorrelation between the variables).
It is not possible to use correlation when the two variables are not related at all. the corelation coefficient value that will be obtained will have no significance.
+1.00
If anxiety and depression are correlated, there are three possible directions of causality. These are anxiety causes depression, depression causes anxiety, and there is an environmental stimuli that causes both anxiety and depression.
No. It may appear to cause the change because the changes are correlated. However, it is quite possible that changes in both variables are caused by some third, possibly unknown, variable.No. It may appear to cause the change because the changes are correlated. However, it is quite possible that changes in both variables are caused by some third, possibly unknown, variable.No. It may appear to cause the change because the changes are correlated. However, it is quite possible that changes in both variables are caused by some third, possibly unknown, variable.No. It may appear to cause the change because the changes are correlated. However, it is quite possible that changes in both variables are caused by some third, possibly unknown, variable.
Scatter plots are used to investigate a possible correlation between two variables that are associated with the same “event.”
No, it is not possible to make accurate predictions based on a scatter plot with no correlation. A scatter plot with no correlation means that the data points are randomly scattered and do not follow any specific pattern or trend. Without a correlation, it is difficult to establish a relationship between the variables and make reliable predictions.
Chance association, (the relationship is due to chance) or causative association (one variable causes the other).
A very loose correlation can be made between breaking down gelatin and the ability to breakdown tissue. The scientific process can only be replicated within a lap environment but with the constant evolution of bacterium it is possible at some point for the gelatin and tissue correlation to be much stronger.
Nothing happens. It simply means that there is no linear relationship between the two variables. It is possible that there is a non-linear relationship or that there is none.
The possible range of correlation coefficients depends on the type of correlation being measured. Here are the types for the most common correlation coefficients: Pearson Correlation Coefficient (r) Spearman's Rank Correlation Coefficient (ρ) Kendall's Rank Correlation Coefficient (τ) All of these correlation coefficients ranges from -1 to +1. In all the three cases, -1 represents negative correlation, 0 represents no correlation, and +1 represents positive correlation. It's important to note that correlation coefficients only measure the strength and direction of a linear relationship between variables. They do not capture non-linear relationships or establish causation. For better understanding of correlation analysis, you can get professional help from online platforms like SPSS-Tutor, Silverlake Consult, etc.
A theory