every civilization had its own number system . at present using base number system with base 10 is discovered in India . not exactily discovered it was developed there , it was also used and developed in china . the base 10 number system is actually used only in India and china after it Arabic world learnt from India . where European got that . European call that as Arabic numeral system , Arabic people call as Indian numeral system
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They were discovered by scientists
Mathematics, including prime numbers, is discovered, not invented.Systems and methods we use are invented, but concepts of relationships between objects governed by logic, such as the prime numbers are discovered and named. As such, a more appropriate question might be "Who discovered prime numbers?"Many have discovered prime numbers; the first is unknown to mankind.
Numbers were not discovered but were created out of necessity for the purpose of counting livestock and recording the seasons .... etc
The Cartesian Coordinate System was discovered by Rene Descartes.
Imaginary numbers were discovered when mathematicians tried to solve equations of the form x^2 + 2 = 0