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Why is the water bond angle 104.5 less than the CH4 bond angle 109.5?
in water there are two bond pairs and two lone pairs where as in CH4 there are are four bond pairs nad no lone pair. in ch4 there is only bond pair to bond pair repulsion but in water there are three types of repulsions, lone to lone (greatest repulsion), lone to bond ( lesser repulsion ) and bond to bond ( the least repulsion) , therefore due to the presence of two lone pairs in water the bond pairs are repelled with greater force and they get compressed, reducing the ideal bond angle from 109.5 to 104.5 on the other hand, ch4 has only bond pairs and they dont repel each other that strongly so its angle is greater n its 109.5..
How does a lone pair distort the molecular shape?
A lone pair of electrons takes up space despite being very small. Lone pairs have a greater repulsive effect than bonding pairs. This is because there are already other forces needing to be taken into consideration with bond pairs. So to summarize: Lone pair-lone pair repulsion > lone pair-bond pair repulsion > bond pair-bond pair repulsion. This makes the molecular geometry different.
How you get bond angle of a tetrahedral shape molecule which have 1 lone pair?
Tetrahedral bond angle of a molecule which have a lone pair electron is 107, smaller than regular 109.5, due to the repulsion of electrons of lone pair.
What has the strongest repulsion bonding pairs or lone pairs?
Lone pairs typically have the greater repulsion because lone pairs want to be as far apart from one another as possible, even more so than bonding pairs. This is because the lone pairs consist of free-moving electrons.
How does a lone pair distort the molecualr shape?
The lone pair creates repulsion between the molecules attached to it and distorts the shape.
