The Code says #1/0 copper or #3/0 aluminum for ground wire.
Answer for USA, Canada and countries running a 60 Hz supply service.
The answer given above is correct. But a 400 amp panel is not a do-it-yourself project and knowing the proper size of grounding electrode conductor is not all the information you need. If you have little or no experience with electricity, if you do not know what a grounding electrode is, or if you do not know how to make these connections properly you need to hire a competent electrician to do this project for you.
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As always, if you are in doubt about what to do, the best advice anyone should give you is to call a licensed electrician to advise what work is needed.
Before you do any work yourself,
on electrical circuits, equipment or appliances,
always use a test meter to ensure the circuit is, in fact, de-energized.
IF YOU ARE NOT ALREADY SURE YOU CAN DO THIS JOB
SAFELY AND COMPETENTLY
REFER THIS WORK TO QUALIFIED PROFESSIONALS.
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For a 400 amp panel, it is recommended to use a minimum of a 2/0 AWG copper ground wire. However, always consult local electrical codes and regulations to ensure compliance.
We recommend using a #6 copper wire for the connection between the breaker box and the earth ground rod. This size wire is commonly used for grounding purposes and is sufficient for carrying the electrical current safely to the ground rod. Be sure to consult with a qualified electrician to ensure the proper materials and installation for your specific situation.
It depends on the length of the run
For a single phase 600 amp service, you would typically use 350 kcmil conductors. However, the specific size can depend on factors like voltage drop calculations, distance from the utility transformer, and ambient temperature. It's always recommended to consult with a qualified electrician or electrical engineer for a precise determination.
For a 1500 watt 120 volt heater located 400 feet away, you would need to use at least 10-gauge wire to minimize voltage drop and ensure efficient power transmission. It is recommended to install a 240 volt sub panel near the heater location to account for the distance and potential power requirements for additional lights or equipment.
For a 200 amp service over a 400 foot run, you would need to use at least a 2-inch conduit to accommodate the size of the aluminum wire required. You would typically use 3/0 aluminum wire for this setup to ensure efficient power transmission and meet code requirements for voltage drop. It's recommended to consult with a licensed electrician to determine the exact specifications for your specific setup.