The size of the ground wire for a circuit is typically based on the size of the circuit breaker protecting that circuit. For a 200 amp circuit breaker, the recommended ground wire size is 4/0 AWG (American Wire Gauge) copper wire. This wire size helps ensure that the ground wire can safely carry any fault currents that may occur in the electrical system.
In the CEC, if pipe fill is used using table 6, ground wires are not included in the count. If pipe fill is used using cross sectional area of conductors and pipe then the ground wire must be included along with the current carrying conductors. A continuous metallic conduit system is considered a ground return path for fault currents.
The ground wire in a two or three conductor #12 cable is a #14 bare ground wire.
For a 20 amp circuit, a 12-gauge copper ground wire is typically recommended. This wire size can safely handle the current and provide proper grounding for the circuit.
1/0 copper
ground
It must be grounded outside with two 8' copper ground rids driven fully into the ground. One under the meter and one 6' to either side connected together with the proper size copper ground wire. The above answer leaves out the requirement for a grounding connection to a metal water pipe. The NEC actually makes the ground rods supplemental to the water pipe. We don't usually consider the water pipe as the primary grounding electrode but that is how it is treated in the code. Depending on the size of your service, the grounding electrode conductor to the water pipe may actually be a different size than what connects to the ground rods, which are allowed to be connected with 6 AWG copper regardless of the size of service.
The problem sounds like the water pipe is not bonded to the ground wire of the distribution. These two wires should have a potential of zero between them once they are bonded together as per electrical code recommendations.This must be an older installation as nowadays most new water pipe installations use PVC to service a water supply to the home. In this case the PVC water supply pipe does not need to be bonded to the ground wire of the distribution service.
Wire it to a metal ground rod driven 6 to 10 feet into earth. In some places it is also allowed to wire it to the metal water supply pipe.
DON'T CONNECT A GROUND WIRE TO A COLD WATER PIPE!!! Use ground rods in accordance with local codes. When in doubt, contact a local electrician or the local building and zoning office of your city or county. Connecting a ground wire to your cold water pipe can result in electrolysis that will eat away at you water pipe. ---------------- Metal underground water pipe is the first grounding electrode listed in the NEC. It is still commonly used in residential installations and is used in commercial installations when available. When the water pipe is used as the primary grounding electrode, it must be supplemented with another electrode which is most commonly a ground rod. Generally speaking, a 325 amp service requires 350 kcmil copper conductors for residences or 400 kcmil copper conductors for commercial installations. In either case these require a grounding electrode conductor of 1/0 ("one ought") copper.
Using a water pipe ground clamp and securing the ground wire to the cold water pipe as it goes into the building BEFORE the water meter is one way. A better way is to drive an 8-foot ground rod into the ground and secure it via a ground rod clamp. My employer and I actually try and use both methods together.
does a water heater require a ground wire?
The size of the ground wire for a circuit is typically based on the size of the circuit breaker protecting that circuit. For a 200 amp circuit breaker, the recommended ground wire size is 4/0 AWG (American Wire Gauge) copper wire. This wire size helps ensure that the ground wire can safely carry any fault currents that may occur in the electrical system.
Yes, there are ground wire gauges. The approiate size ground wire must be matched to the size service you are installing. For instance a 200 amp serivce must be grounded with a # 4 bare copper ground wire.
In the CEC, if pipe fill is used using table 6, ground wires are not included in the count. If pipe fill is used using cross sectional area of conductors and pipe then the ground wire must be included along with the current carrying conductors. A continuous metallic conduit system is considered a ground return path for fault currents.
Except for the ground wire they must be insulated.
The flow of water in a pipe is analogous to the flow of charge in a wire as both involve the movement of particles through a medium. In a pipe, water molecules move due to a pressure difference, while in a wire, charges move due to a voltage difference. Both systems exhibit resistance to flow, which can be influenced by factors such as pipe diameter or wire material.