The number of pounds increases as the number of calories consumed increases.
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An example of weak positive correlation would be the relationship between the amount of time spent studying for a test and the grade achieved. While there may be a slight increase in grades as study time increases, the correlation is not very strong. This means that studying more does not guarantee a significantly higher grade, but there is still a positive trend between the two variables.
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Correlation determines relationship between two variables. For example changes in one variable influence another variable, we can say that there is a correlation between the two variables. For example, we can say that there exists a correlation between the number of hours spent on reading and preparation and the scores obtained in the examination. One can infer that higher the amount of time spent on preparation may result in better performance in examination leading to higher scores. Hence the above is a case of positive correlation. If an increase in independent variable leads to an increase in dependent variable, it is a case of positive correlation. On the other hand if an increase in independent variable leads to a reduction in dependent variable, it is a case of negative correlation. An example for negative correlation could be the relationship between the age advancement and resistance to diseases. As age advances, resistance to disease reduces.
You can say that the correlation is positive if and only if the slope is positive. The correlation is zero if and only if the slope is zero. And the correlation is negative if and only if the slope is negative. On the other hand, slope does change when your measurement units change, while correlation does not change. (For example, the correlation between height in inches and weight in pounds will be the same as the correlation between height in centimeters and weight in kilograms, as long as both sets of measurements were taken on the same observations.)
I believe you are asking how to identify a positive or negative correlation between two variables, for which you have data. I'll call these variables x and y. Of course, you can always calculate the correlation coefficient, but you can see the correlation from a graph. An x-y graph that shows a positive trend (slope positive) indicates a positive correlation. An x-y graph that shows a negative trend (slope negative) indicates a negative correlation.