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During Archimedes' time in Syracuse, King Hieron, the king of Syracuse and a close friend of Archimedes, commissioned the construction of a beautiful golden crown. When the goldsmith returned the crown, the king suspected him of stealing some of the gold and replacing it in the crown with silver. The king wanted to make sure that he got all of his gold back, so he asked Archimedes to discover the true contents of the crown.
He discovered the difference in density between gold and silver when placed under water, and noticed that the crown was not pure gold. The crowns maker was later beheaded.
Hiero II, the King of Syracuse, wanted Archimedes to determine if gold had been withheld from a crown by the goldsmith commissioned to make it. Without damaging the crown, Archimedes used water displacement to prove that the gold was not all there.
According to legend, Archimedes shouted "Eureka!" (which means "I have found it!") while running down the streets naked. The reason he did this is because he found out that, a body immersed in water has a buoyant force equal to the weight of the water that it displaces. He was able to find out if the kings crown was really made of pure gold this way (and it wasn't).
The noun 'gold' is a common, concrete, uncountable noun; a word for a substance; a word for an element, a thing.The word 'gold' is also an adjective, a word that describes a noun: a gold watch, a gold crown.