You need it in the form f(x)= ... (whatever your equation happens to be).
i.e get the equation in the form y=... Then swap the 'y' for 'f(x)'. Simple.
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The set of all values of x, for which the equation is true is the domain of the function defined by that equation.
You can tell if an equation is a function if for any x value that you put into the function, you get only one y value. The equation you asked about is the equation of a line. It is a function.
It means you should rearrange the equation so that x is on one side of the equal sign, and everything else on the other, with no "x" on the right side of the equation. For instance, if I was told to express x as a function of y and given the equation: x-4y=6 I would express x as a function of y by rearranging the equation to read: x = 6+4y
An equation where the left is the function of the right. f(x)=x+3 is function notation. The answer is a function of what x is. f(g(x))= the answer the inside function substituted in the outside function.
The equation for a circle is a function in that it can be graphed and charted. One common equation is x^2 + y^2 = r^2.