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That's not a binary number ! Binary numbers can only use the digits 1 and 0.
It is 31.
7 digits
Advantage of binary over decimal: information can be recorded and stored in any dichotomous variable: magnetised or not magnetised (most electronic media), pit or no pit (optoelectronic media CDs/DVDs). For decimal it would be necessary to store as 10 different levels of magnetisation or depths of pits. Not so easy to make such a system error-free. Advantage of decimal over binary: fewer "digits" required. Every ten binary digits (1024 values) can be replaced by just a shade more than three decimal digits (1000 values). So the number of digits to be stored is less than a third.
This is just decimal, the number system that we usually use. Decimal means that there are 10 digits (0-9) as opposed to other number systems such as binary, which has only two digits.